Peptide tools

How fast a peptide clears, and how much is left when the next dose arrives

Choose one of 19 peptides with a published human half-life, or type in your own. Pick a spacing and the chart shows one dose fading out, then repeated doses stacking up until they level off.

Half-life
Spacing to model
Builds up to2.0xthe peak of the first dose
Trough at steady state50%of the peak is left when the next dose lands
90% of steady stateDose 4about 3 weeks in
About 5 half-lives5.1 weeksto reach 97% of steady state, or to clear 97% after stopping
Weekly, repeatedSteady-state peak and trough
01x2x0d20d40ddays after the first dose90%

With a half-life of about 7 days, 50% of each dose is still in circulation when the next one arrives. Each new dose lands on top of that leftover, so levels climb for about 5.1 weeks until the amount cleared between doses equals one dose. After that the curve repeats between the two amber lines.

Simplified one-compartment model: each dose enters the blood at once and clears at a fixed rate. Injected peptides absorb over hours to days, which lowers and delays the real peaks. Levels are shown relative to one dose, not as amounts. This is not a dosing schedule.

Long-acting peptides

Why weekly GLP-1 drugs build up for about a month

A half-life close to the dosing interval means a large share of each dose is still circulating a week later. These are the long-acting compounds in the database, modeled at one dose a week.

Peptide Half-life Left after 7 days Builds to About 97% steady
Eloralintide In clinical trials 14 days 71% 3.4x 10 weeks
Cagrilintide In clinical trials 7.4 days 52% 2.1x 5.3 weeks
Semaglutide FDA-approved 7 days 50% 2.0x 5.1 weeks
CJC-1295 Research chemical 7 days 50% 2.0x 5 weeks
Retatrutide In clinical trials 6 days 45% 1.8x 4.3 weeks
Tirzepatide FDA-approved 5 days 38% 1.6x 3.6 weeks

Semaglutide was built to last. A fatty-acid side chain makes it stick to albumin in the blood, which keeps it from being filtered out by the kidneys and stretches its half-life to about 7 days. On a weekly schedule 50% of each dose is still there when the next goes in.

That is why the approved labels step the dose up no faster than every 4 weeks. Four weeks is about four half-lives, enough for the level to settle near its new plateau before the next increase. The same math explains why side effects after a dose increase can take a few weeks to settle.

It works in reverse after stopping: about five half-lives, roughly five weeks for semaglutide, before 97% has cleared.

From minutes to weeks

Every published human half-life in the database, on one scale

The scale is logarithmic so a one-minute half-life and a two-week half-life fit on the same line. Unmodified natural peptides clear in minutes. Drugs engineered to last, like semaglutide, stay for days.

Values are from each peptide's profile, which cites the source study or label. Where a profile gives a range, the bar shows the midpoint. Not listed: the 33 compounds with no measured human half-life.

What the model leaves out

Four reasons real levels differ from the curve

Absorption takes time

The model puts each dose straight into the blood. A shot under the skin is absorbed over hours to days, so real peaks are lower and later than the curve shows. Semaglutide, for example, reaches its peak 1 to 3 days after the injection.

33 of 52 compounds have no human half-life

For most research peptides nobody has measured how long they last in people. Where only rat or dog data exists, this tool does not offer the compound, because animal half-lives do not carry over reliably.

Clearance changes between people

Kidney and liver function, body size, the injection site and the formulation all shift the real half-life. Published values are averages from trial participants.

Blood level is not effect

A peptide can leave the blood in minutes and still trigger something that lasts hours, such as a release of growth hormone. The curve tracks the molecule, not what it does.

Want half-life next to evidence grade and legal status? Compare peptides side by side.

The Staate peptide brief

New pharmacokinetic data, sent when it is published

When a trial reports how long a peptide lasts in people, or a label changes, you get a short summary and the link. Weekly at most.

Frequently asked questions
What does half-life mean for a peptide?
It is the time for the amount in the blood to fall by half. After one half-life 50% is left, after two 25%, and after five about 3%. Peptide half-lives range from about a minute for unmodified natural peptides such as VIP to about a week for semaglutide, which was engineered to bind albumin and avoid being filtered out by the kidneys.
Why does semaglutide build up over several weeks?
Its half-life is about 7 days, the same as the gap between doses. Half of each dose is still circulating when the next one goes in, so levels climb until the amount cleared each week matches one dose. With a 7-day half-life that takes about 5 weeks, and the level settles at roughly twice the peak of the first dose.
How long until a weekly GLP-1 drug is out of my system?
About five half-lives clears around 97%. For semaglutide (half-life about 7 days) that is roughly 5 weeks after the last dose. For tirzepatide (about 5 days) it is roughly 25 days. The labels give their own guidance for planned pregnancy and surgery, and those follow the label, not this rule of thumb.
How many half-lives does it take to reach steady state?
With regular dosing, levels reach about 90% of steady state after 3.3 half-lives and about 97% after 5. The spacing between doses decides how high that steady state sits, but not how long it takes to get there.
Why do short half-life peptides not build up?
If almost all of a dose is gone before the next one, nothing carries over. A peptide with a 2-hour half-life given once a day keeps less than 0.1% from the previous day, so each dose behaves like the first.
Can I use this to plan a dosing schedule?
No. It shows how half-life and spacing interact in a simplified model. It ignores absorption, individual clearance and what the drug actually does. Dosing decisions belong with a prescriber and the product label.